Samba Sadaashiva

M1014: Samba Sadaashiva

☆☆☆ Kirtan, for Sadaashiva

[[Title_alias]]

Sadaashiva Mantra, Samba Sadaashiva / 真正的“湿婆”

[[Keywords]]

Sadaashiva, Sada Shiva, Samba Shiva, Para Adi Shakti, Shakti, Shiva, Devi

[[Content_list]]

• 什么是 “真正的湿婆 / Sadaashiva”

• 其中的哲学和宗教涵义 (“林伽崇拜”的根源)

[[Mantra_iast]]

samba sadāśiva ||

[[Mantra_txt]]

Samba Sadaa Shiva ...

[[Meaning_cn]]

带来幸福的真正的 “Shiva”，我赞美你。

[[Glossary]]

* Sāmba/sāmbaḥ — Name of Shiva.
* Śamba/śambha/Samba — Happy, fortunate.
* Saṃba/saṃbam — Water.

* “Sadaashiva/sadāśiva” = Adi Para Shakti = Parameshwari/Maheshwari，即代表宇宙“最高存在”之女神 (Mahadevi)，此为 “Shaktism”（性力派）的观点。
* Omkara — 两层含义：发出声音 “Om”；另外，“Om” 代表“一切”，即“梵”，“kara”—“maker”，“Omkara” 就是宇宙的创造者，即“造物主”。
* Jagatamba = Jagat + amba = “universe” + “mother”，即“宇宙之母”。

[[Comment_cn]]

Sadaashiva/Sadāśiva = Sadaa + Shiva，本意是：“真正的 Shiva”，在不同的教派中有不同的解释。“Samba Sadaashiva” 的大意就是：“带来幸福的真正的湿婆”。“Samba” 本身也是“湿婆”名号之一，意思是“幸福、幸运”。

“湿婆教派” (Shaivism) 认为 “Sadaashiva” 是比 “Shiva” 更高、更绝对的存在，因为 “Shiva” 只存在于当前的宇宙之中，“Sadaashiva” 则超越了所有宇宙，在“宇宙的轮回”之外。据说，“Sadaashiva” 有 “1/4” 是“纯精神和意识”，另外 “3/4” 存在于这个物质世界，他代表的就是“宇宙三原则”中的“毁灭原则”。我们一般所说的 “Shiva”，就是 “Sadaashiva” 在物质世界中显现的那部分，他会随着宇宙一道毁灭。在新的宇宙中，会有新的 “Shiva” 显现出来，并代表上述的“毁灭原则”，因此，“Shiva” 不是永恒的，而 “Sadaashiva” 则是永恒不灭的。显然，“Sadaashiva” 理念的出现，就是为了与 “Vishnu” 别苗头，争夺“最高之主”的地位。当然，经过几百年的争夺和融合后，他们俩现在已经携起手来，平起平坐，各司其职了。

“Sadaashiva” 当然是无形无相的“形而上的、至高的存在”，包含了五种基本模式 (sadaakhyas)，其中前四种都是无形的、抽象的、甚至是无法描述的（只能进行冥想），只有第五种 (karma-sadaakhya) 可以被有形的象征物所“部分”代表——“林伽” (Linga)，这就是为什么印度的“林伽崇拜”如此盛行的原因。“林伽”所代表的神秘力量是超越了 “Shiva” 的 “Sadaashiva”，因此，在印度绝大多数的“湿婆庙” (Shaiva temple) 中，祭拜的是“林伽”，而不是“湿婆像”。

而“萨克蒂教派”（Shaktism，性力派）则认为，宇宙的最高存在是“超级女神”——“Adi Para Shakti”，而 “Shiva”、“Vishnu”、“Brahma” 等男神都是她衍生出来的，是不同功能的显现和化身，分别负责宇宙的创造、维持和毁灭。因此，这个“超级女神”才算是“真正的 Shiva”——“Sadaashiva”。

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[[Related_songs]]
1)《Samba Sada Shiva》 (湿婆版) ——Alexander Doria / “Siete Mantras para Estar en Paz”
	Om Shiva Samba Sadaa Shiva Om Samba Shiva Om Shiva, Samba Shiva
2)《Samba Sadáshiva》 (女神版) ——Cristóbal Barcesat, Alejandro Kauderer, Lucía Spivak / “Mantra, Swásthya Culture”
	Samba Sadaashiva … Samba Shri Omkara. Om Mata, Om Mata, Om Shree Mata, Jagatamba. Om Parameshwari, Shri Maheshwari, Adi Para Shakti, ... Maheshwari.
3)《Samba Sada Shiva》 (女神版) ——Janet Stone, DJ Drez / “Echoes of Devotion”
4)《Jaya Shiva Shankara》(湿婆版) ——Cristóbal Barcesat / “Mantra, Swásthya Culture”
	Jaya Shiva Shankara Om Narmadeva, Shambhu Shankara Pashupate. Jagtishwara Parameshwara, Samba Sadaashiva Parvti-maanmatha.
	* manmatha = god of love; * maanmatha = relating to or concerning love, produced by love, filled with love; * Parvti-maanmatha = the lover of Parvti.
5)《Om Namo Narmadev》 (女神版) ——Tina Malia / “Bridge to Vallabha”
	Om Namo Narmadeva ... Parvati Bolo Sadaashiva ...
** 注：最后这句歌词，揭示了“湿婆”之妻 “Parvati” 与 “Sadaashiva” 的关系：可以认为 “Sadaashiva” 就是 “Parvati” 的化身，或者相反。“最高女神”就是 “Parvati” 或 “Durga”。“Durga” 在不同的方面显现为不同的次级女神，比如智慧和音乐女神 “Saraswati”、财富和幸运女神 “Maha Lakshmi”，以及忿怒相的战斗女神 “Mata Kali”。

[[Appendix]]
• What is “Sadaashiva / Sadāśiva”?
Firstly Lord Shiva does not exist only at one level. He exists at different levels of reality. So there is Sadaashiva, who Jiva Goswami describes in Brahma samhita that his abode is almost in the spiritual world. It is “1/4” in the spiritual world, “3/4” in the material world. That is the eternal abode at the border of the material and spiritual worlds but it is eternal. That Shiva is greater than everyone else and all the other devtas because that Shiva is eternal.
Now within the material world we have Brahmaji as first created being. So he is the first created being and from him there is the manifestation of Shiva, he was born when he gets angry, the kumaras are not procreating, so the anger manifests and there is Rudra. So this is the manifestation of that Shiva coming over here. That Shiva manifest through Brahmaji. That Sadaashiva is eternal, this Shiva is not eternal. Just as Brahma himself is not eternal. Just as this Brahma is meant for this universe, similarly this manifestation of Rudra is meant for this universe. So within the universe Shiva is the son of Brahmaji.
Shiva exists almost like as long as the universe exists. Then Shiva destroy universe and Brahmaji also dies and that Shiva manifesting also ends, Sadaashiva continues to exists. Mahesh will be destructive influence. Normally it refer to the principle of destruction that is Shiva. So in each universe there is a particular Shiva who does destruction. But beyond this there is Shiva who is the destructive principle. Overall we understand this is the power of Sadaashiva, that is manifesting in this world through some of his expansions through whom the destruction happens. Sadaashiva is almost transcendental because he is also in the spiritual world, nothing destruction happening over there.
The principle of Sadaashiva, comprising 5 modes or sadaakhyas (Sadaashiva 的 5种形态). In the order from the transcendent to phenomenal, they are:
	1. śivasadākhya, transcendent（超越一切的） 2. amūrtasadākhya, formless（无形的） 3. mūrtisadākhya, one with form（“一”的形式） 4. kartṛsadākhya, agent（代理？从无形到有形的过渡形式？） 5. karmasadākhya, maker（造作者，可以由 “林伽/Linga” 所“部分”代表）
Of these, the first four, being in the “form” of effulgence of different intensities, and column of immense dimensions, cannot be iconographized but only be meditated upon. The fifth, karmasadaakhya, is iconograpbized as the “semi-iconic” Linga (liṅga), and installed in the adytum of the Shaiva temple.
Sadaashiva in the karmasadaakhya mode is said to be endowed with 5 visages (faces) — Ishana, Tatpurusha, Aghora, Sadyojata and Vamadeva — which are sometimes sculpted on the Linga as turned upwards, towards east, south, west and north respectively.
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