M1097: Chaitanya Mantra
☆☆☆☆☆ Chant, for Sadhana-Bhakti
[[Title_alias]]
Chaitanya Mantra, Pancha Tattva Mantra / Sri-Krishna-Sadhana-Bhakti
Invocation to Krishna Consciousness / 五圣咒, 呼唤 “Krishna 意识”, 咒语冥想
[[Keywords]]
Invocation, Pancha Tattva, Chaitanya, Chetanya, Krishna Consciousness, Krishna, Bhakti, Sadhana, Meditation, Sadhana-Bhakti
[[Content_list]]
•  “Chaitanya Mantra / 五圣咒” 的涵义详解
•  “Sadhana-Bhakti / 咒语冥想” 的修习方法
•  “Chaitanya Mantra / 五圣咒” 的参考音频
[[Mantra_iast]]
[jaya] śrī-kṛṣṇa-caitanya, prabhu nityānanda |
śrī-advaita gadādhara, śrīvasāḍī-gaura-bhakta-vṛnda ||
[[Mantra_txt]]
[Jaya] Sri-Krishna-Chaitanya, Prabhu Nityaananda |
Sri-Advaita Gadadhara, Shrivasadi-Gaura-Bhakta-Vrinda ||
[[Meaning_en]]
I offer my respectful obeisances unto Sri Chaitanya Mahaprabhu, Lord Nityananda, Sri Advaita, Gadadhara Pandit, Shrivasa Thakura, and all the devotees of Lord Chaitanya.
————
    "Pancha Tattva" are the five aspects of Absolute Truth, or God. As concepts, the pancha tattva are connected to yogic philosophy, but they are particularly relevant to the Gaudiya Vaishnava and Krishnaist traditions. These traditions believe that the five aspects of God incarnated on Earth in the late 15th century as five different people. These people were responsible for spreading practices of devotion to Krishna throughout India. The five people who formed the incarnation of pancha tattva were:
 
  • Chaitanya Mahaprabhu — considered the supreme devotee or Krishna himself.
  • Nityananda Prabhu — the first personal expansion of Krishna, combined with the power of Balarama, Krishna’s elder brother.
  • Advaita Acharya — the incarnation or fused form of both Vishnu and Shiva combined, sometimes known as Harihara.
  • Gadadhara Pandita — the fused incarnation of Lalita, Radha and Krishna’s own energy.
  • Shrivasa Thakura — the pure devotee of Krishna, who symbolizes devotion.
    •
        The Pancha Tattva mantra includes the names of all five incarnations. It is spoken or chanted as a means of devotion and worship, or japa meditation. Devotees believe that this mantra is the most merciful mantra that can be chanted in the age of Kali, or “age of vice,” which followers believe humanity is currently living in.
        Lord Sri Chaitanya Mahaprabhu is always accompanied by His very confidential associates such as Sri Nityananda, Sri Gadadhara and Sri Advaita and by many devotees like Shrivasa. Lord Chaitanya is the most merciful incarnation of Sri Krishna and His associates are even more merciful. They are always engaged in chanting the name of the Lord and are always describing Lord Krishna. The Krishna Consciousness Movement has established its center in Mayapur, the birthsite of Lord Sri Chaitanya Mahaprabhu, to give men the great opportunity to go there and perform a constant festival of sankirtana-yugya, as recommended herein (yajnesa-makha-mahotsavah) and to distribute prasada to millions of hungry people hankering for spiritual emancipation. This is the mission of the Krishna Consciousness Movement.
      — From: https://www.harekrishnatemple.com/ ptmm.html
    — From: https://www.yogapedia.com/ definition/6504/pancha-tattva
    [[Meaning_cn]]
    我向代表“最高真理”的五位圣人、“主” (Lord Krishna) 的化身——
    “Sri Chaitanya Mahaprabhu、Lord Nityananda、Sri Advaita、Gadadhara Pandit、
    Shrivasa Thakura”，以及“主”的所有虔诚信徒——致以崇高的敬意。
    ————
        “Pancha Tattva” 的含义是“绝对真理/实相的五个方面”，也就是“神的五种显现”。在印度宗教及瑜伽传统中，尤其是在“毗湿奴教派”中，通常认为，它们是“神” (Lord Krishna) 在 15世纪末化身成为的五个人。这五人在印度各地大力推广和传播对 “Krishna” 虔诚奉献的实践运动，直至演变成现在蓬勃发展的 “克里希那意识运动” (The Krishna Consciousness Movement)，对印度教的复兴起到了巨大的推动作用。这五个人是：
     
  • Chaitanya Mahaprabhu — 被认为是最高的奉献者，或着 “Krishna” 本尊；
  • Nityananda Prabhu — 是最早推广 “敬拜 Krishna” 运动的人，被认为还拥有 “Krishna” 哥哥“大力罗摩” (Balarama) 的力量；
  • Advaita Acharya — 被认为是融合了“毗湿奴”和“湿婆”力量的化身，因此又被称为 “Harihara”；
  • Gadadhara Pandita — 被认为是融合了 “Krishna” 和 “Lalita, Radha”（女神）能量的化身；
  • Shrivasa Thakura — 被认为是 “Krishna” 最虔诚的信徒，他象征着虔诚奉献。
    •
        “Pancha Tattva Mantra” 中就包括了上述五位化身的名字。念诵这个咒语就是一种虔诚和敬拜的方式，或者说是一种沉思冥想。虔诚的信徒们相信，这就是“卡利时代” (Kali Yuga) ，或者“邪恶时代”（也就是现在这个时代）里最仁慈的咒语。
        此外，上述五人中最重要的就是第一位——“Sri Chaitanya Mahaprabhu”。他大力推广和传播“唱诵神的名号”，也就是 “唱诵 Krishna 赞歌” (Sri-Krishna-Sankirtanam) 运动，这其中就包括神圣咒语 “Hare Krishna Maha-mantra”，他也因此被视为 “Krishna 转世”，故此咒语也被称为 “Chaitanya Mantra”。关于此人，以及 “唱诵 Krishna 赞歌” (Sri-Krishna-Sankirtanam) 运动，可以参看后面的文章。
    [[Glossary]]
    * Chaitanya/caitanya/cetanya — 意识（尤指“最高意识”）；精神、智慧、觉知、感觉等；
       1) “Consciousness" that relates to the Universal Self or Soul.
       2) It also means “spirit,” “intelligence,” “energy,” “enthusiasm” or “sensation”.
    * Advaita — 唯一，非二元性；等价于“梵、最高意识、绝对实相”；
       1) Unity, not duality; of one or uniform nature; sole, only, unique.
       2) The identity of Brahman and the Universe or of the divine essence and the human soul; the real truth.
    * Gadā — A mace, club，权杖；狼牙棒、棍棒；
    * Gaura — Fair, white, clear, clean; Pure, clean, beautiful; Shining, brilliant;
       — 洁白、清澈、干净；纯洁、美丽；闪闪发光，光彩照人；
    * vasadi/vasāḍī — Desolateness，荒凉、孤独；
    * Vrinda/vṛnda — An assemblage or a multitude, group; Many, numerous;
       — 大量、多数人；群体；同类人的集合或团体，类似佛教里的 “Sangha-僧伽”。
    * Gaudiya/Gauḍa — A particular subdivision of Brāhmaṇas;
       — 生活在印度东部孟加拉地区的婆罗门分支，“Gaudiya” 即“高达人的”之意；
    * Tattva — Truth, real nature, first principle，真理，本质，神圣精神、神性。
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    [[Comment_en]]
    •  Mantra Meditation (Sadhana-Bhakti)
    — http://www.scsmathlondon.org/get-involved/mantra-meditation/
        In the Gaudiya Tradition, invoking the Divine through the repetition of sacred mantra is central to the spiritual practice (Sadhana).
        The chanting of the Hare Krishna Maha-mantra both as an individual meditation and in congregation, forms the substance of the universal religion for the present age. As the mantra in its purest form is non-different with Krishna Himself, the chanter is able to achieve direct communion with the Divinity by the practice of this chanting.
    There are also no hard and fast rules for chanting the Hare Krishna Maha-mantra concerning time, place or circumstance. Anyone can chant at any time, in any place and in any circumstance. The only qualification required for chanting the Holy Name is sincerity of heart.
        As a daily individual practice of meditation it is good to set some personal time aside for chanting and to make a space dedicated for this purpose. Early morning is the best time for spiritual practice and one should try to keep one’s mind clear of any other thing.
        Begin by chanting the Verse 2 from “Guru Stotram”:
      ajñāna-timirāndhasya, jñānāñjana-śalākayā |
    cakṣurunmīlitaṃ yena, tasmai śrī gurave namaḥ ||1||
    ————
    Salutations to that Guru who opened the eye of one blind
    due to the darkness (cover) of ignorance with a needle coated
    with the ointment of knowledge.
        Then chant the Chaitanya Mantra, or Pancha Tattva Mantra:
      [jaya] śrī-kṛṣṇa-caitanya, prabhu nityānanda |
    śrī-advaita gadādhara, śrīvasāḍī-gaura-bhakta-vṛnda ||2||
    ————
    I offer my respectful obeisances unto Sri Chaitanya Mahaprabhu,
    Lord Nityananda, Sri Advaita, Gadadhara Pandit, Srivasa Thakura,
    and all the devotees of Lord Chaitanya.
        This mantra which is an invocation to Lord Chaitanya and His principle associates, frees us from all mundane negativity and offences and opens the way for chanting the Hare Krishna Maha-mantra:
      hare kṛṣṇa hare kṛṣṇa, kṛṣṇa kṛṣṇa hare hare |
    hare rāma hare rāma, rāma rāma hare hare ||3||
        Repeat this mantra clearly again and again, meditating on the sound of the mantra. Just chanting and hearing the vibration of the mantra is all that is required. It is not necessary to think of the meaning of the words or to imagine the form of Krishna, but only to hear the sacred syllables of the mantra as you chant. Our internal prayer while chanting should be, “O Holy Name please reveal Yourself within my heart and dance upon my tongue.” You will feel the purifying effect of the chanting very soon and will want to chant more and more.
        For those who are committed to chanting this Maha-mantra it is advised to practice the regulations of spiritual aspirants:
      1) To be completely vegetarian, strictly avoiding all flesh foods, fish and eggs.
    2) To be self-disciplined by avoiding all types of intoxication.
    3) To be truthful by not gambling or cheating others.
    4) To abstain from casual and unrestricted sexual relations outside of marriage and to practice constancy and self-discipline within marriage.
    5) To live simply-rejecting the idea of accumulation of material wealth as the path to happiness.
        For complete success in the chanting of the Holy Name it is important to receive the mantra from the proper source through the process of initiation (diksha).
        The Spiritual Master accepts the aspirant as a disciple and confers the Holy Name upon the sincere chanter. The chanter in turn vows to live a holy life and chant the mantra a minimum fixed number of times every day on the sacred Tulasi rosary according to the direction of the Spiritual Master. This is known as Sadhana-Bhakti.
    [[Comment_cn]]
    •  咒语冥想（Sadhana-Bhakti）
    — http://www.scsmathlondon.org/get-involved/mantra-meditation/
        在印度婆罗门的“高达传统” (“Gauḍa”：一个生活在印度东部孟加拉地区的重要婆罗门分支) 中，通过不断念诵神圣的咒语来召唤“神”，是其“精神修行” (Sadhana) 的核心内容。
        唱诵“神圣咒语”——“Hare Krishna Maha-mantra”，无论是个人冥想还是集体修行，都成为了当代最普遍的宗教实质。由于最纯粹形式的咒语，被认为是与“神” (Krishna) 本身并无不同，因而唱诵者能够通过这种念诵的修习来实现与“神性”的直接交流。
        念诵这个“神圣咒语”并没有什么严格的限制，比如：时间、地点和环境，等等。任何人都可以在任何时间、任何地点、任何环境下念诵。念诵“神”的“神圣名号”所需要的唯一条件就是：拥有一颗真挚和虔诚之心。作为一种个人的日常冥想练习，每天留出一些时间和空间来念诵咒语是非常有益的。清晨是一天最佳的修行时间，修行者应该尽量让自己的头脑远离杂事和杂念的干扰。
        在正式念诵“神圣咒语” (Hare Krishna Maha-mantra) 之前，先要念诵两段其他咒语作为铺垫和准备，它们被称为“召唤神的意识” (Invocation to Sri Krishna Chaitanya)，可以让修行者的精神或意识进入到一种超验的状态，以便与“神的意识”进行连接。
        首先，念诵的是一段来自《Guru Stotram》的诗文（第 2段）：
      ajñāna-timirāndhasya, jñānāñjana-śalākayā |
    cakṣurunmīlitaṃ yena, tasmai śrī gurave namaḥ ||1||
    ————
    向神圣的上师顶礼！
    您用知识的药膏治愈了被无知遮蔽了双眼的人们，
    就像让盲人看到了光明。
        接着，念诵本文前面介绍的 “Chaitanya Mantra”，也即 “Pancha Tattva Mantra”（五真咒、五圣咒）：
      [jaya] śrī-kṛṣṇa-caitanya, prabhu nityānanda |
    śrī-advaita gadādhara, śrīvasāḍī-gaura-bhakta-vṛnda ||2||
    ————
    我向代表“最高真理”的五位圣人、“主” (Lord Krishna) 的化身——
    “Sri Chaitanya Mahaprabhu、Lord Nityananda、Sri Advaita、Gadadhara Pandit、
    Shrivasa Thakura”，以及“主”的所有虔诚信徒——致以崇高的敬意。
        这个咒语用来召唤 “神的意识”，以及与神相关的一系列基本原则，将人们从所有世俗的负面业力和罪恶中解放出来，并为吟诵 “神圣咒语”、建立与“神性”的连接打开通道。然后，正式念诵 “神圣咒语” (Hare Krishna Maha-mantra) ：
      hare kṛṣṇa hare kṛṣṇa, kṛṣṇa kṛṣṇa hare hare |
    hare rāma hare rāma, rāma rāma hare hare ||3||
        反复清晰地念诵这个咒语，同时冥想咒语的声音。不一定需要大声念诵，只要能感受到咒语的振动就可以了。也没必要思考词语的含义或想象“神” (Sri Krishna) 的形态，只需要在念诵时听到咒语的神圣音节即可。在念诵时，内心应该这样祈祷：“哦，神的圣名，请在我的心中显现，请在我的舌尖上舞蹈。”修行者很快就会体验到念诵咒语所带来的净化效果，并且会越来越想念诵得更多。
        对于那些以最虔诚之心念诵此“神圣咒语”的人，建议最好遵守以下灵性修行者的规定：
      1) 要完全素食，严格避免所有肉类、鱼、蛋等食物；
    2) 通过自律以避免任何形式的醉酒；
    3) 为人诚实，不赌博或欺骗他人；
    4) 避免婚外随意和不受限制的性关系，并在婚内保持节制和自律；
    5) 过简单的生活，拒绝将物质财富的积累作为通往幸福之路的诱惑。
        为了在念诵 “神的圣名”中获得圆满和成功，非常重要的一点是，从适当的来源获得咒语，并“开启” (diksha) 修行的过程。精神导师接受有志者为弟子，并将 “神的圣名”传授给虔诚的修行者。修行者要发誓过一种圣洁的生活，并根据导师的指引，每天通过神圣的“图拉西念珠” (Tulasi rosary)，念诵不少于一定次数的咒语。这就被称为 “Sadhana-Bhakti”（虔诚的精神修行）。
        ** 注：以上 3段咒语，第(1)段念 3遍，第(2)段念 7遍或 11遍，第(3)段 “Maha-mantra” 是修习的核心，念诵的次数多多益善，整个修习的时间不应少于 30-40分钟。
    [[Related_songs]]
    1)《Invocation (Chaitanya Mantra)》   🔊音頻試聽
    ——The Hanumen / “Leaps & Bounds (2015)”
      ajñāna-timirāndhasya, jñānāñjana-śalākayā |
    cakṣurunmīlitaṃ yena, tasmai śrī gurave namaḥ ||
    ......
      śrī-kṛṣṇa-caitanya, prabhu nityānanda |
    śrī-advaita gadādhara, śrīvasāḍī-gaura-bhakta-vṛnda ||
    2)《Pancha-Tattvit》
    ——Jaya Lakshmi / “Jewel of Hari”
      jaya śrī-kṛṣṇa-caitanya, prabhu nityānanda |
    śrī-advaita gadādhara, śrīvasāḍī-gaura-bhakta-vṛnda ||
    3)《Hari Krishna》
    ——Masood Ali Khan & Radha Rosen / “The Yoga Sessions”
      hare kṛṣṇa hare kṛṣṇa, kṛṣṇa kṛṣṇa hare hare |
    hare rāma hare rāma, rāma rāma hare hare ||
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